Mizorama
pawl lian ber, mitin huapzo; a din tirh atanga zofa piangchhuak tawh zawng
zawngte pumpelh theih hauh loh khawpa pawl tangkai leh tlawmngai pawl awmchhun
tih theih, Young Mizo Association (YMA) chu kum 79 liam ta, kum 1935 June ni 15
khan Kristian Missionary Rev. Lewis Evans kaihhruaina hnuaiah mi tlemtein din a
ni a. Ani hi President hmasa ber niin Secretary hmasa berte chu Pasena leh
Vankhuma te an ni. Engvanginnge Kristian Missionary Rev. L. Evans kaihhruaina
hnuaiah YMA hi din a ni a? Engvanginnge
hetih hunlai khera din a nih? Engtinnge heti taka pawl lian a lo nih theih? I
han enchiang dawn teh ang u.
Mizoten
vailian vawi 2-na kan tih mai kha kum 1889 atanga tanin, a kum leh 1890-ah
British hoin Aizawl an run a, vailian vawi 1-na anglo takin an thut zui nghal
a; ram inrelbawlna lam kengkawh zui nghalin India Independence hma chu an
chhuak leh ta lo. Kristian Missionary te phei chu ram buai hnu deuh thleng khan
engemawzat an la awm a nih kha.
Hetih
hunlai (India Independence hma) hian Indian Sub-Continent (India, Pakistan,
Bangladesh) chu British sawrkar awpbehna hnuaiah awmin British India tih a ni.
British hoten India ram an awp lai hun, India Independence hma hi ‘British
Colonial Period in India’ tia sawi a ni bawk. Colonialism Theory-ah chuan ram
thiltithei zawkten ram chaklo zawkte awpbetin ro an relsak a; kawng hrang
hranga an hmalakna leh hnathawh, a tha zawng leh a chhe zawng pawh nise, a awptuten
anmahni hmakhaw ngai chung leh an lalram insawhngheh zelna tur thlir chunga tih
a ni thin tlangpui. British hoin India an awp lai pawh khan he Theory hi an zui
hle niin a hriat. An lalram sawhnghet zel tur leh India hmarchhaka daido turin
Assam (Asom/Ahom lalram) an hneh phawt a, a ram michengte an lamtanga siam tur
leh a ram mil eizawnna - thingpui huan siamin hma an la a ni.
Kumpinu
sawrkar khan chuti takin Mizoram hrim hrim hi a awtin a lang lo, duh se chuan
vailian vawi 1-naah khan an awpbet nghal thei reng niin a lang; mahse mizo
lalte remna an siampui a, an inhnukdawk leh tlat. Tin, hemi hma lama Assam ram
an beih lai pawh khan ramhnuai kara cheng mi tlemte (Anmahni sawi dan takah
Forest Tribes / Forest dwellers) hneh kha an tan thil harsa a ni lo ang. Mizote
kha tha te tein anmahni awm awmin lo awm ve hle hle se British ho khan an bei
ngawtin a rinawm loh. Amaherawhchu mizoten Assam phaitual leh an thenawm hnam
dangte runin an that fo mai a; British mi leh sate hial an lo thah takah chuan,
East Bengal (Bangladesh lo ni ta) leh Burma inkar tlangram zingzuma cheng, mi
kawlhsen leh lu la hnam awm reng mai chu an tan mita lungte awm ang tluka hnawk
an lo ni ta a. Engti zawng emawni tala tukdawl an ngai. Chu chuan vailian vawi
2-na a hring a, Mizoram chu awpbeh a ni zui nghal a ni.
Khatih
hunlaia mizote nunphung leh khawsak dan kha a la hniam hle; Mizorama British
lalram tinghet tur leh an lamtang siam a, anmahni zui tur chuan mizote nasa
taka tih finvar a tul a. Mizote ngaihpawimawh ber pawl sakhaw hmangin an bei tan
ta a ni. Kum 1894 January ni 11-ah Kristian Missionary hmasaberten Aizawl an
rawn thleng a, Kristian sakhaw thu an hril a. Kum 1896-ah mizo zinga kristian hmasa
ber ni turin Taibuanga te thiandunin hming an pe a, reiloteah ram pumin
Kristian kan ni nghal. Kum 1894 Feb-March thlaah A, AW, B siam tan a ni a, hemi
kum vek April thla hian Sikul hawn tan nghal a ni; kum 1911-ah Mizoin Matric
kan Pass tan a, 1924-ah B.A. kan Pass tan bawk. British hoin Mizoram an awp tan
kum, 1890 atanga kum 30 a liam hnu, kum 1920 a lo herchhuah meuh chuan British
ho thiltum hlawhtlinzia kan hmu; kawng hrang hrangin an thuhnuaiah kan awm hneh
ta hle a ni.
Mizoram
hmar lamah kum 1898 khan Presbyterian kohhran din a ni a; chhim lamah kum
1903-ah Baptist kohhran din a ni a; kum 1906-ah Zoram harhna hmasa ber a thleng
a; kum 1907-ah Independent Church of Maraland din a ni a; kum 1910-ah
Manipur-ah Independent Church of India din a niin hmarchhak State dangah a darh
zui zel a; kum 1913-ah Evangelical Free Church of India din a ni a; kum 1917-ah
Salvation Army din a ni a; kum 1925-ah Roman Catholic kohhran din a ni.
Kristian sakhua kan hmelhriat tan atanga kum 30 awrh a liam hnu, kum 1935-a YMA
din a nih hma hret thleng hian zofate khawvelah kohhran hrang 7 zet a piang
hman a ni.
YMA
dintu, Kristian Missionary Rev. L. Evans hi Mizoramah a awm rei lo, kum 8
(1929-1937) chauh a awm a ni. A awm chhung hi reilo mahse Mizoram dinhmun kawng
hrang hranga a inlumleh dan hi a hmu chiang hle niin a hriat a, mizote hmalam
hun tur a thlir thui hle niin a lang bawk. Kristian sakhua kan zui chin ata kum
30 awrh a liam a, ram pum deuhthawin Kristian kan ni nghal a, kohhran 7 a piang
hman bawk; ziak leh chhiar kan thiamna lamah pawh kan chak hle. Hei hian mizote
hi hnam luhlul lo tak, aia fing zawkten a tha tia an zirtir chu bawh hum hum
nghal mai zel; khawvel finna chaka tuihal, changkan tum; kawng hrang hranga
hmalam pan duh hnam kan ni tih a lantir; hei hi Rev. L. Evans hian
‘advantage’-ah a la ta a niin a lang.
Kum
1935 hma lama kohhran 7 zet lo piang chhuak hi rinna lama mizote kaihhruaitu,
sap Missionary-te tan chuan a manganthlak ru ve deuh thinin ka ring. Mizote
hmalam hun tur thlirpuiin an ngaihtuahna a buai ve nasa thin ang a. Chu mai
bakah Kristian nih hma nunphung leh tihdan (Culture) tam tak kalsan mek zel a
ni a, chutiang renga kal a nih vaih ‘Identity’ kan hloh mai dawn a ni. “Kan
sakhua chu a tam zawkin kan la tak hle mai a, kan hnam nunphung (Culture) hnawk
ti khawpin kan sakhawmi titih a. Mission sapte leh mizo zinga mithiam hmasate
chuan Kristianna kan lak dan ‘rau’ ta lutuk chu hnam tan hlauhawm hring thei
mai dawnin an hmu a, an vei hle tih a hriat theih. Kristian sakhua hian thih
hnua chatuan nunna neih chauh tinzawn loin, he khawvela kan chen chhung pawh
hian thilsiam dangte laka nun dan tha lantirte pawh hi a kawk tel tho a ni tih
inzirtirna atan YMA hi an din ngei niin a lang” tiin K.Sapdanga chuan a sawi a
(Zawlbuk, CYMA, 2010). Tin, “hei bakah hian, Mizote hnam anga hma kan sawnna tur pawh an dah lian hle tih a
lang chiang viau” a ti bawk.
Chutiang
a nih avang tak chuan mizo zawng zawng huapzo, Kristian nih hma nunphung leh
tihdan tha (Tlawmngaihna, chhiatni/thatnia intawiawm tawn, tanpui ngaite tanpui,
vantlang nun inangtlang dial dial, leh adt.) chhawmnungtu tur, Kristianna
kalsan si lo, kohhran pawl zawng zawng khaikhawm thei tur, nundan phung tha
zirtirtu tur, kawng engkima zofate hmasawn zelna tur ngaihtu tur pawl din kha
mifing boruak thlir thiam tan chuan tih makmawh niin a lang. Hei hi kum 1935-a
Welsh kohhran hruaitu pathum lo zinte khan an rawn nemnghet ta chiah reng a ni.
“Hemi tuma Mizoram changkan zel nana an sihhmuh ber pakhat chu – kawng tinrenga
Mizo hnam mawhphurhna pek tam a ni a. Tin, Welsh ramah pawh chutiang ang
khawtlang kaihhruaina pawl a tangkai thute an sawi bawk” tiin YMA hruaitu hmasa
pawl Pu Muka chuan a sawi (YMA dinchhuah tan dan, Mission veng 70 years,
1940 - 2010). Hei hian Missionary-te, Mizo lehkhathiam leh hawizau hmasate
kha a hneh hle niin a lang. Chu chu June ni 15, 1935 khan YLA tiin mawi takin a
lo rah chhuak ta niin a lang bawk.
Tin,
mizo ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasate khan an thiamna hmanga mipui, mawlmang ve
tak takte rawngbawlsakna tur an van hle. Kristian kan lo nih tak duakah phei
chuan kohhran pawn lamah thil tha ti tura thalai han inhawtkhawmna tur kha kan
mamawh a ni. Chung mite chu kohhran hrang hrang atanga lo kal khawm an ni tawh
ang a, a phuarkhawmtu tur a ngai bawk. Chhiatni thatnia insawngbawl dan
inangtlang kan mamawh a, kohhran hrang hrang tihdan inpersan lutuk awm thei kha
a fel lo bawk. Tin, mizo khawtlang nuna zawlbuk hlut zia sawi nawn a tul lo a;
amaherawhchu YMA din atanga kum 3-na, 1938-ah ‘Official’ takin Mizoramah
zawlbuk tihtawp a ni a; hemi hmalam hret pawh hian nunphung leh khawsak dan
inthlak danglam vangin mizo khawtlang nunah zawlbuk hian a hlutna a hloh chho
hret hret a, tihtawp mai a la tul dawn tih pawh a lang ruak tawhin a rinawm.
Chuvangin zawlbuk thlakna tur (Substitute) tha tak, mizote changkang zel leh thang
lo thar zel te mil tur ngaihtuah a ngai bawk. Heng zawng zawng mumal nei lek
loa a puakdarh tur chu YMA din khan a hmet hlum ta a ni kan ti thei bawk ang.
Rev.
Dr. H. Vanlalauva chuan hriselna leh thianghlimna kawnga hmahruaitu leh
zirtirtu atan Kristian Missionary-te
khan YMA dinin, khawtinah bungbel leh in leh a vel vawn fai dan min zirtir a,
chumi avanga hriselna leh faina kawnga tun dinhmun thleng thei kan ni tiin a
sawi a (Nilai leh beihrual thupui 2011, SLPB, 2010). Tin, C.Rokhuma
pawhin khawtlang nun hmasawn zel tura inkaihhruai kan mamawh zia tarlangin, khang
hunlai Mizote kha thianghlimna kawng, a bik takin zunram thiar thuah kan
hnufual hle. Kum 1950 thlenga YMA thuchah zinga an dah chu ‘zunram thiar thu’ a
ni tiin mipui vantlang zirtir kan ngaih hle thu a sawi (Zawlbuk, CYMA, 2010).
Hengte hian heti lam kawnga zirtirtu kan mamawh zia a tarlang chiang hle a, chu
kan mamawh zirna chu YMA lo piangchhuak kaltlangin zirtir kan ni chho tan ta a
ni kan thei bawk ang.
YMA
hi heti taka pawl lian a lo nih theihna chhan nia lang chu thil tha zawng zawng
min rawn thlentu ti hiala kan sawi thin, Kristian Missionary-te min din sak a
ni a, vawiin thleng hian an hniakhnung zui kawngah hian kan la pen chak hrim
hrim a. Tin, mizote tan YMA hi a lo thain a lo tangkai kher em lah tak a. YMA
chanchin Aizawl atanga Mizoram hmun hrang hranga pu darh a, dintu te hi a
hunlaia khawkhat rawn kai, ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa, Aizawl chanchin hre
deuh, lal (Headman) leh Kristian tirhkoh hmasate an ni tlangpui. Mizoram khaw
hrang hranga YMA hruaitu (President / Secretary) hmasa ber pawlte pawh lal
(Headman) emaw, tirhkohte emaw an ni deuh zel. Amaherawhchu hetih hunlaia lalna
(Headmanship) hi Sailoa leh a thlahte inrochun lalna (Heirship) ang chi nilo
lalna kha tam tak a awm tawh a ni. A chang chuan British ho khan an thuawih
thei leh an lamtang te, sipai bang te, Rahsi (C.I.) hnathawk tha te duhsak nan
leh chawimawi let ve nan lalna (Headmanship) hi an pe mai thin ve bawk niin a
lang. Khaw khat lalber leh kohhran rawngbawltu berin an tuipui (Pratronised)
viau chuan pawl lian chaklo chi a ni lo; chung mite chu khaw tina a
thahnemngai, khaw mipuite thatna duhtu leh hmasawn zel duhtu te an ni chawk.
Hei hian a dintirh phat atangin YMA kalsual tur leh a thuthlung pen bo san tur a
veng hle a; tin, hun lo la awm zel tur atan YMA kalphung a hril thui hle a ni
kan ti thei bawk ang.
Kum
1885 khan Indian Civil Service officer pension pachal, British Indian sawrkarah
pawh hna sang tak lo thawk tawh, A.O. Hume kaihhruaina hnuaiah Indian National
Congress (INC) din a ni a. Hei hi mi tamtak chuan India mipuite mamawh chhanna
lam ai mahin British lalram sawhngheh zelna tur leh, India mipui lungawilote
thawidamna hlet tiin “Safety Valve Theory” an vuah a; Historian leh
Politician-te inhnialna tawp thei lo a hring chhuak a ni, chutiangin YMA lo
pianchhuah danah pawh hian inhnialna tam tak a awm thei awm e. INC lo
pianchhuah dan leh chuta tanga kum 50 liam hnu, kum 1935-a Rev. L. Evans
kaihhruaina hnuaia Mizorama YMA din a ni hi a mak ve riauna lai te pawh a awmin
ka hria. Kum zabi hrang daih, mahse hun inkar hlat si lo; vawiin thlenga ramin
a ngaihchan, mipui nawlpui leh sawrkar hawiher pawh thlak danglam dawrh thei
khawpa pawl chak lo dinchhuah dan hi engvang pawh, tihpalh thil pawh nise pumpelh
chi a ni lo tih han thlirlet hian a chiang thei ang.
Engpawh chu lo ni se
zofa piangchhuak tawh reng reng chuan YMA hi kan pumpelh thei lova, YMA hian a
mamawhtu apiang; zofate leh vai leh sap chenin, mi tumah a pumpelh ngailo
bawk. Kum 80 dawn, vawiin thleng hian
zofate inhumhimna leh zarhliahtu nihliap pawimawh tak a la ni reng a, a ni reng
kumkhua tur pawh a ni. He nihliap zar hnuaiah hian kohhran hrang hrang,
zohnahthlak zawng zawng, Political Party, zirlai pawl, upa pawl, hmeichhe pawl,
sawrkar hnathawk pawl, kuthnathawk pawl, tlawmngai pawl dang leh tlawmngai pawl
ni chiah lo thlengin kan leng vek a ni.
Amaherawhchu
hruaitu nih duhna leh lansarh tumna te, in itsikna leh midang elrelna te,
eirukna leh thamna te, ruihlo leh nawmchenna te, rethei leh hausa
inthliarhranna ten he nihliap zar hnuaiah hian hmun an chang tur a ni lo. YMA
member zawng zawngten a thiltum, a dinchhan, a nihna, a thuvawn, a thuthlung
leh inkaihhruaina te hrechiang a; YMA nihliap zar hnuaiah YMA Kross pu chunga
kal kan rem tlan loh chuan Pu Niara te, Pu Pasena te leh Pu Vankhuma ten hun lo
la awm zel tur thlir ran chunga an lo dinchhan ‘Principle’ hi kalsanin an
‘Future Vision’ ah hian kan lang ve lo hlauh dah ang e. He zofate nihliap lian
awmchhun hi a pawpte thawm that a, a tang kawite tih ngil leh a fawng chhiate
siamthat hi ram chhung leh pawna YMA member zawng zawngte mawhphurhna a ni.
Chutianga he kan nihliap lian hi siamthat ngaia a awm lohna turin, zah tak leh
uluk takin kan keng ang a, ngun takin kan enkawl thin tur a ni.
April, 2011.
Zawlnuam.
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