1.0 Thuhma
Khawvel ram tin mai
hian eirukna hi engemawti kawng talin kan buaipui hlawm vek mai. Eng ram pawh-
ram changkang tawh te, ram thangmek te leh ram
changkang vaklo te pawh kan bang chuang lo. Mizote pawhin saptawnga
eirukna sawina thumal ‘corruption’ tih pawh hi sawifiah ngai hauh lovin kan
chiang em em a, kan tawng ang main kan
hmang thei hial tawh a ni. He eirukna hian ram inrelbawlna leh ram mipuite a
nghawng dan thlirin, a tibo tura theihtawpa beih leh, chu eirukna laka fihlim
tura mitinte inzirtir hi a lo tul ta hle a ni.
2.0
Eirukna chu enge ni?
Eirukna,
a saptawnga
‘corruption’
tih hian a huapzau khawp mai, tawngkam thumal
pakhata dah theih pawh a ni chiah lo. A tawi thei ang berin ‘eirukna chu mahni
kutkawih nilo sum leh thil hlu dang mahni tana lo chheprelh’ hi a ni ber mai a.
A huam zau zawngin midangte hriatpui loha ram mipui sum (public money) a hmanna
tur niloa lo pawhpen te, zangnadawmna dik lo taka lak te, thamna lak te, induhsak
bikna te, hun hman dikloh te hi eirukna a ni vek mai a. Ram danpui leh dan
tesep piah lam leh chumi kalh zawnga ram sum-pai hmanna reng reng chu eirukna a
ni vek mai. Tin, sawrkarin mipui tana tha
tura ruahmanna a siam tihhlawhtlin kawnga dan kal pela thil tih zawng zawng hi
a huam vek bawk a ni. Chuvangin ram sawrkar hotute leh a hnathawk ram sum-pai
khawih pha chinah eirukna lian tham hian bu a khuar duh zual a ni.
Hetiang chiah hi mimal leh pawlho
inzawmkhawmna leh company, Private Sector Undertaking (PSU)-ah te, Kohhran
inrelbawlna (church insitution)-ah te,[1] tlawmngai
pawl (Non-Government Organization)-ah te, mimal leh mimal inkarah te pawh a
thleng thei tho a ni.
UNODC buatsaih, The Global Program against Corruption - UN Anti-Corruption Toolkit ah chuan khawvel pum pawm tlan
theih corruption hrilhfiahna a awmloh thu te, UN Nations Convention Against
Corruption-in corruption hrilhfiah tul
a tih loh thu te leh corruption huam thil hrang hrang ziahchhuah mai tha
a tih thu tarlan a ni a. Engemaw zawnga ngaihtuah chuan corruption hrilhfiah
tum chiam ai chuan he thu hi pawm mai a, ram hmasawnna tithuanawp
thei corruption dona lama insawrbing mai hi a finthlakin a lang.[2]
3.0
A nghawng a na
Eirukna nghawng hi na tak a ni. Hetiang
hian kawng 4-in sawi ta ila[3]:
Politics lam kan en chuan-
eirukna nena politics khelh hian democracy leh dan kenkawhna a ti chhia a,
mipuite rilru puthmang (morality) a ti chhia a, khua leh tui te hlutna a
tihniam (de-value) hle a ni. Eirukna leh hlemhletna hmanga tlingten ram aiin
mahni an ingaihtuah hmasa a, ram hruaitu tha
kan neih theihloh phah a, mipuite dikna chanvo a bo pil thin.
Economics lam kan en chuan
eirukna avangin mipuiten an chan tur dik tak an chang thei lo a, ram mipuite an
rethei a, ram leh mipui tana sawrkar ruahmanna tha
tak tak a hlawhchham phah thin. Eirukna hian insumdawntawnnaah
rinawmlohna a hring chhuak a, mahni mihringpuite bumna hial a thlen thin.
Mipui vantlang nun (society)-a a
nghawng phei hi chu a pawi thui hle; mipuite ngaihhlut zawng (value system) a
tichhia a. Mipuiten ram hruaitute leh an sawrkar an ring ngam lo a, chumai
nilovin mi zawng zawng inrinhlelhtawnna a thlen a, hnam inlungrualna a tichhe thin.
Hmasawnna ruhrel (infrastructure)
din tur leh project lian tham tak tak ruahmanna awm, hna pawh thawh ngei ni si,
mahse tih hlawhtlin ni si lo a awm thin
a. Hengte avang hian kan chenna leilung, thing leh mau, nungchate awmze neilo
taka tihchereu an ni thin.
4.0
Eirukna leh kan dinhmun thlirna
4.1 Khawvel:
NGO pakhat, Transparency International (TI) in kum 2017-a khawvel ram hrang
hranga eirukna hluar leh hluar loh a tehna- Corruption Perception Index (CPI)[4] atanga
a lan danin Denmark, Finland,
Sweden, New Zealand leh Netherlands te chu eiruknaah an fihlim viau mai. South
Sudan, Sudan, Afghanistan, North Korea leh Somalia ramte erawh chu eirukna
hluar zualna ram an ni thung.[5] Heng
ramte hi han khaikhin ila; ram inrelbawlna, ram ralmuanna, mipui vantlang
khawsak phung, sum-pai leh ei-bar dinhmunin kori a tu viauin a lang.
4.2 India: India ram hi TI-in kum 2017-a CPI hmanga a tehnaa a landanin, khawvel
ram 180 zingah 81-na kan ni a, a zatve chunglam hretah kan awm naa kan dinhmun
a duhawm lutuk lo. Chutiang kan nih mek laiin sawrkar laipuiin ram mipuite tana
hmasawnna program a duanchhuah thenkhat- Mahatma Gandhi National Employment
Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) leh National Health Mission (NHM)-ah te eirukna a hluar
viau lawi nia hriat a ni a, a pawi hle. Tin, mipui mamawh bungraw thiarsawnna
kawnga chhiah awl duh avanga thamna inpek te, engemaw laia scam (eirukna) rawn
puakchhuak leh nawlh thin te,[6] black
money[7] tam
lutuk te hian kan dinhmun a tichiang viau bawk.
Transparency International India leh Centre for
Media Studies-in an buatsaih – India
Corruption Study 2005 to Improve Governance in a tarlan danin an zirchian
chin state 20-a eirukna lo awm chhan bulpui 7-te chu: transparency (langtlang)
leh accountability (rintlak) awm tha lo te, eirukna report-na awm tha lo te, sorkar official-te rinawm tawkloh vang
te, intham hi nunphunga kan neih tawh vang te, judiciary (dan rorelna) that tawkloh vang te, economic (eibar-sumpai) policy tha awmloh vang te leh sawrkar hnathawkte
training/orientation (inzirtirna) neih that loh vang te a ni. [8]
4.3 Mizoram: Kum 2017 Right To Information (RTI) week hmannaah khan Mizoram Chief
Minister (CM) Pu Lal Thanhawla chuan eirukna chi hrang hrangin Mizoramah zung a
kaih thuk thu leh a dolet tura kan theihna zawn theuhah mipuite thawhho a tul thu
a sawi a, chutiang atana RTI Act hmang tangkai turin mipui a sawm a ni.[9] CM
thusawi hi phat thu a cheng lo; Mizorama eirukna dotu leh vilvengtu (watchdog)
lian ber PRISM-in ‘International Anti-Corruption Day 2017’ an hmannaah, an din tan kum
2006 atanga
ni 9/12/2017 thlenga eirukna dona leh a khaihnawih an hmalakna report hi han en
ila:- Social
Audit - 59, Monitoring & Evaluation - 127, Suggestions - 61, Complaints -
51, First Information Reports (FIRs) - 68, Public Interest Litigations (PILs) -
16, Booklet Published - 24 an nei tawh a. Heng atang
hian mi 300 te chu sawrkarin eiru ngeiah a ngai a, lung in tang - 1, ban - 4,
suspend - 16 an awm bawk. Tin, dik lo taka compensation hmuh tum hmu lo – 380,
chanai eiruksak pek let – 107, dik loa hnathawk tur lak ban – 57, dik loa
pawisa kawl man cheng vaibelchhe 500 aia tam a ni tawh bawk a. He hmalakna
avanga mipui sum kal ral tur humhim zawng zawng hi cheng vaibelchhe 1950 vel zet
nia chhut a ni.[10]
Hei hi pawl pakhat hmalakna mai mah nise kan dinhmun a hril thui viau a ni.
PRISM-in Mizorama eirukna a hluar
chhan bulpui 3 nia a tarlan chu- eiruk chingten dan hremna an tawh thin
loh vang te, kan politics khelh dan that tawkloh vang te, kohhran leh NGO tam zawkin eirukna kan pawm vang te a ni.[11]
Ngaihtuah zui tur tam tak a awm thei awm e. Tunhnai kum 20 chhung lek pawh han
thlir let ila, Mizoramah hmasawnna hnathawh lian tham tak tak tur, mahse
eirukna a awm ngei nia rin theih, a mawhphurtute manchhuah leh hrem awm silo a
tam hle. Entirnan, Mizo National Front (MNF) sawrkar laia Aii puk te, kel pal
te, police mawza man to uchuak te, tuirial hydel project compensation tam lutuk
te, mobile medical unit ding tawl ringawt te, referral
hospital hlamzuih te, Aizawl Civil Hospital OPD building chhawngkhat bo te.
Tin, Congress sawrkar hnuah Youth Commission-in NIAS-Kolkata sum a pek dan mak
tak mai te, LESDE-Worker’s Welfare Board sum mimalin an lo puk vak mai te,
dihmunzawla PHE building thiahna man to tak mai
te, kawng siamna tur sum tam tak a awm laia kawng tha
kan nei thei hauhlo te, lei chim thawm kan hre zut mai te hi a manganthlak hle.
5.0
Engvanginnge eirukna do a tul?
Eiruknain kan ram
hmasawnna a tihthuanawp dan hi hai theih
a ni lo a, engemaw kawng zawnga ngaihtuah chuan ‘kan ngaihsak tha
peih tawh lo hial zawk emaw ni aw’ a tih theih rum rum. Eirukna hi ram
hmasawnna tithuanawptu mai a ni satliah lo a,
a pawi zawk chu kan nun chhungril ei chhe mektu a nihna hi a ni. Eirukna hi
huatna emaw, mak tihna emaw, zahthlak tihna emaw pawh nei mang lo khawpin
ngaiah kan neih emaw tih hial tur a ni tawh bawk. Hei tak hi kan ram damlohna
thuk em em a ni a, kan insiamthat thuai loh chuan boralna kawngah kan lut thuk tial tial mai dawn a ni.[12]
Chuvangin eng level-ah pawh eirukna hi
kan do a tul a, kan ram atanga
kan tihbo a ngai a ni. Tute emaw tawngkam
takin ‘a zung chawpa pawh phawi a, pho ro a, hal ral vek a ngai.’ Tichuan, thil
reng reng dan ang takin, a nihdan tur ang thlapin, sum pawh a hmanna tur
diktaka hmangin, Corruption Free Mizoram ni chunga
hmasawnna
kawng dik kan zawh thuai hi a tul tak zet a ni.
6.0 Hmathlir – eirukna tello
Mizoram : Engtinge eirukna kan do ang?
‘Tunge zawhte chu thi
awrh tir ang?’ tih ang deuhin engtinnge eirukna chu kan do ang? tunge mawh la
ang? khawi atangin nge bul kan tan
ang? engtinge kan kalpui zel ang? zawhna a tam thei awm e. Heng zawhnate hi
ngun taka ngaihtuah chuan mi tam tak rilruah sawrkar a rawn lang hmasa berin a
rinawm a, a chhan chu eirukna lian tham zawng zawng tih theih deuhthaw hi chu
sawrkar inrelbawlna huangchhunga thleng thin
a nih vang a ni. Abraham Lincoln-a sawi dan takin, ‘sawrkar chu mipuite ta,
mipuite siam, mipuite tan’ a nih miau avangin sawrkar kalphung diklo leh
eirukna thleng thin hian mipuite
tawrhna a thlen a, ram kalsiam a tithuanawp thin
a, chuvangin eirukna tello sawrkar kan siam a ngai a ni. Chutih rualin sawrkara
dinhmun pawimawh tak chelhtu sawrkar hnathawk te mai bakah, kohhran leh
tlawmngai pawl ho te, khawtlang roreltute, mipui vantlang nawlpui te hian eirukna
do turin kan vaia hma kan lak a ngai a ni.
6.1
Hmathlir – eirukna dona kawnga sawrkar mawhphurhna: Eirukna
do turin sawrkar hian langtlang leh rintlakin hna thawk phawt mai se la. RTI
Act te hi a nih dan tur ang takin; inrelbawlna ruhrel leh a kalphung hi eirukna
tibo zawngin siamtha thei se. Anti
Corruption Bureau thuam chak ni se la, judicial system (dan rorelna) pawh
tihphuisui ni se. Tin, sawrkar hi a hnathawkte a enkawlna leh hmalakna
tinrengah dan angin kal mai se, chutiang atan chuan thuneihna leh mawhphurhna
semzai (decentralization of administration) ni se. Eirukna chungchangah public
complaint mechanism (mipuite rawtna/sawiselna thlenna tur) tha
siam chhuah ni se. Hmasawnna tura ruahman project reng reng uluk taka siamin tha
taka vil zui ni se kawngro a su thui hle ang.[13]
‘Sawrkar’ han tih hian mi tam zawk
rilru a lang hmasa fo chu mipui thlan lal hote an ni ber a; sawrkarna siamtute an
ni. Hei bakah hian sawrkar hnathawk, hlawhbi neia sawrkarin a chhawr te an awm
ve leh a. Chung mipui thlan lal leh hun puma sawrkar hnathawkte awm chhan ber
erawh mipuite tan a ni. Sawrkar chu mipuiten kan zavaia kan hamthat tlanna tur atana kan din a ni tih hi kan innghahna ber ni se, thutlukna siam
kawngah pawh mipui vantlang tana tha
ber (public interest) tur chu ngaih pawimawh ber fo ni se a dik a ni mai.
Sawrkar tha
siam tur hian thutlukna siam thei chin hovin ruahmanna tha te
bawhzuia tihpuitlin rem an tih hmasak zet a pawimawh hle bawk.[14]
Chu thuthlukna chu mipui nawlpui tana huapzo leh tha
(welfare of all) a ni tur a ni, eirukna leh thamnaten hmun an chang lo.
Mipuite hian inrelbawlna tha,
dan ngaihpawimawhna, mitin huapzo, intodelhna, inlungrualna, eirukna tello leh
langtlang sawrkar kan beisei a. Ram kalsiam kan ngaihtuah apiangin hei hi kan
hmathlir a ni. Rorelna dik hi kawng hrang hrangin sawrkar atanga
luangchhuak tur a nih avangin sawrkar (state) hi a mawhphurtu lian ber a ni.
6.1.1
Eiruk dona kawnga tuna sawrkar dinhmun: Tun dinhmunah chuan
sawrkarin eirukna avanga a hrem te hi chu kut zungtang
thliaka chhiar tham chauh an la ni rih. Tun dinhmun hi kan sawi zel lo thei lo
a, hei hi tute emaw va dem bik vang a ni lovin, kan dinhmun sawifiah tumna a ni.
Chubakah democracy ramah chuan, eng hunah pawh sawrkarna siamtute hi ram
kalsiam inrelbawlna ngaihtuahtu ber an nih avangin, eiruk dona kawngah pawh an
dinhmun a pawimawh bik hle.
Tuna sawrkarna siam mek Congress hian kum 2008 MLA
inthlanpuiah khan, a zung nen lama corruption pawhphawia phoro tlangaupuiin an
Election Manifesto No. 1-ah Vigilance Commission din an tiam a, kum 5 an sawrkar
chhungin an din lo tluan a. Kum 2013 MLA inthlanpui-ah khan Lokayukta din an
tiam leh a, tun thlengin an la din ta rih lo. Kum 2016-17 budget-ah khan Lokayukta din nan Rs. Nuai 159.34 dahin an
din leh lo a. Nikum 2017-18 pawh khan Lokayukta din nan hian Rs. Nuai 159.34
bawk an ruahman leh a, tun thlengin an la din ta chuang lo. Kum hnih chhunga
Lokayukta dinna tur atana an sum dah hi khawiah nge a awm? Thil dangah an hmang
peng em ni?[15] Kan sawrkar hotute hian ‘eirukna hi an haw tak tak ta lo
em ni ang aw’ a tih theih awm e.
Lokayukta
din turin ni 3/11/2016 khan Law & Judicial Department chuan Notification a
chhuah a, Lokayukta Chairperson leh Member tur zawngtu tur Search Committee din
a ni.[16] Search
Committee hian kum 2017 chung khan rawtna a siam fel a, Selection Committee kutah
chhawpchhuah a ni. Kum 2017 April thlaa mi tawh chu kum khat a liam hnu pawhin
Selection Committee chuan Lokayukta Chairperson leh Member tur a thlang fel ta
miah lo a. Hetih lai hian kumin 2018 May ni 29 khan Lokayukta Selection
Committee thukhawm chuan Search Committee
din turin a ti leh bawk si a. Helaiah hian dan pawngsualna a awm niin a lang, a
chhan chu Lokayukta Act-ah Selection Committee kal dan tur fel tak ziah vek a
ni.[17] Heng
buaina leh inremlohna zawng zawng kalpel a, Lokayukta chak tak kan din thuai a
pawimawh hle mai.
6.1.2
Sawrkar mawhphurhna leh tih tur pawimawh hmasa: Mizoram
sawrkarah chuan Vigilance Department hi eirukna vilvengtu ber a ni.[18]
Eiruk chingte manchhuah an nih a, dan ang taka an chunga rorelna lekkawh a nih
theih nan kan sawi tak angin Anti Curruption Bureau (ACB) te leh Court rorelna
tha pawh tihchak a ngai hle; heta tan hian ‘Separation of Judiciary’ pawh a tak
taka kan hman chhoh zel a pawimawh. Eiru nia rinhlelh chhui ngam sawrkar, an
eiru ngei tih finfiahte hrem ngam sawrkar huaisen kan mamawh a; chu chu mipui
nawlpuiten sawrkar kan beisei dan leh kan hmathlir a ni.
Chutianga
eirukna dona kawnga sawrkar tha tichak tur leh a tul
anga hmala turin Vigilance Commission emaw, Lokayukta emaw kan neih vat a ngai
a, sawrkar hian a din thuai a tul hle a ni. Chuti a
nih loh chuan eiruk dona atana dan \ha
tak tak, heng- Right to Information Act, 2005; Prevention of Money
Laundering Act, 2002; Prosecution Section of Income Tax Act, 1961; leh Indian
Penal Code, 1860; te hi dan muthlu leh dan awmze nei lo a ni mai dawn a ni. Ram
changkang leh hmasawn nih kan duh chuan hei hi kan tih thuai a ngai. World CPI
kan en chuan eiruknaa fihlim apiangte chu ram changkang leh hmasawn an ni, ram
changkanglo apiangah eirukna a hluar a. Hemi awmzia chu eiruknain ram a tithuanawp
a, mipuite rilru thlengin a eichhe hle tihna a ni.
6.1.3 Eirukna theihna kawng
remchang siamloh a pawimawh: Mizoram sawrkar sum-pai
(government accounts) enkawl hi hna pawimawh ber pawl a tling awm e. Chutihlaiin
sawrkar sum kalkawng thui lutuk leh sum faia a che kual nasa lutuk hian eirukna
remchang (loophole) a siam hnem a; sum siam tum ren rawna lo chang tan chuan thamna
(bribery) inpek mai te, induhsak bikna (nepotism) te, pawisa thua inremsiam
tawnna (compromise) te, inziahbo
(write-off) mai dan kawng te a awm thin
niin a lang. Hemi tireh tur chuan thutawp siam thei tura thuneihna semzai
(decentralization of administration) te, pawisa fai tiche lova chet kual tir
(cashless transaction) te, mipuite hnen thleng tur phei chu anmahni bank
account ngeiah pelhe miah lova pek (direct benefit transfer) ni thei vek se a
duhawm hle.
6.1.4
Eiruk do nan ram statistic dik leh felfai a ngai: Pu
Lalkhama khan State Planning Board Vice Chairman a nih laiin vawi khat chu ram statistic
(record, data, figure, etc.) hi ram hmasawnna hnuk a nih thu a sawi a,[19]
thil pawimawh tak a ni. Hmasawnna ngelnghet leh tluantling a awm theihna tur
chuan ruahmanna (planning) felfai tak a ngai hmasa a. Ramin awmze neia hma a
sawn zel theihnan hmathlir mumal tak duanglawkin state annual budget te, five
year plan te ruahman a ni thin. Ram hmasawnna atana
ruahmanna hi sawrkar statistic neihsa ring (base) a buatsaih a ni thin.
Chutianga hmasawnna atana ruahmanna felfai buatsaih nan chuan ram statistic
(record, data, figure, etc.) dik leh felfai tak ramin a mamawh ta a ni.
Hetiang hi a nih laiin Mizoramah chuan
sawrkar department hrang hrangte statistic hi, state level a\anga
village level thleng hian inmila bar a awm lo a, a buaithlak khawp mai.[20]
Chu chu Mizoram dinhmun a nih mek laiin tunhnaia nitin chanchinbu-ah sawrkar
department hrang hrangte leh an hnuaia peng dangten data/figures inang tlang
hman nise tih kan hmu leh ta deuh deuh a; ‘a zualzawpui vailenhlo’ tih ang
chauh a ni. He ram statistic diklo nasa lutuk hian eirukna remchang a siam nasa
hlein a hriat a, pawisa kawngbo a tam phah hle pawhin a rinawm. Chuvangin eiruk
do nan ram statistic dik leh felfai a ngai ta hle a ni.
Rin
ngam authentic data leh reliable statistics kan nei em? Mizoram nihna dik tak,
kan ram dinhmun dik tak hi a chiang lo khawp mai. Chuti a nih chuan ram
hmasawnna kalkawngah hian chiang lo deuh ruai (abstract) in kan kal tihna a ni
mai lo maw? Mizoram-a sawrkar department hrang hrang te bial (area) then
dan inbukthuah nasa lutuk te, mipui (population) record inang lo nuaih mai te,
ram neih dan (land holding) record inang lo lutuk te, thil thuhmun record
pakhat rin tlan mai theih tur inang a ram awm bar lo te hi chinfel dan kawng a
awm ngeiin a rinawm a, ngaihtuah a ngai a ni. Ram hmasawn nan, mipui sum
kawngbo tur ven nan leh eiruk ven nan statistic dik leh felfai tak neih hi sawrkarin
a tum tur a ni.
6.2
Hmathlir – eirukna dona kawnga Kohhran mawhphurhna:
Mizoram hi kristian ram tia sawi theih kan ni a, mipui nawlpui pawh kohhran
huangchhunga awm kan ni tlangpui; chuvangin kohhran huhang hi a nain a
thuneihna chin pawh a sang hle. Kohhran hi Pathian thutaka mipuite chawmna hmun
a nih avangin ‘nun dan tha’ (ethics) inzirtir
pawh a nuam a, inzirtirna hun (opprotunity) leh hmun (platform) fel tak
(organized) a awm avangin mipui inzirtirna (public awareness) pekna atan pawh
duhthusam a ni. Pulpit sermon leh sawihona thenkhatah
a tam thei ang ber eiruk do inzirtir nise, Pathian duhlohzawng a nih thu phei
hi chu uar luattuk a awm lo ang.
Democracy
ramah chuan kohhran hi institution pawimawh tak pakhat a ni a, chutih rualin
institution dang nena khaikhin hleihtheih loh a nihna chen pawh a awm tho mai.
Mihring nun thihhnu piahlam ram nena inzawm a nihna chen a awm avangin a
chhungah eirukna pawh fihlim viau tura ngaih a ni. Chutihlaiin pawisa
kawnghmang dik tawklo hi sawi tur ting chuan a awm ve thin
tho nia a lan chang a awm a, chubakah eiruk chingte pawmzam ang lek leka kohhran
puhna te pawh a awm a, chutiang mi te thawhlawm thawh pawh hnawl phal lo nia
sawi rik a awm fo bawk. Hei hi thil tak tak a nih chuan a pawi hle dawn a,
rampumin eiruk kan dona kawnga hmalakna tam tak a ti\huanawp
thei dawn a ni.
6.2.1 Mizo kristianna zia thlir chikna: Tunlai Mizo kristianna zia pawh hi
chik taka thlir fo a tul. Mi tam tak hi chu pawnlam
hmuhtheiha kan kristian nasat ang zetin
thlarau pawl hi chu kan duh a, a hruai erawh kan duh lem lo niin a lang.
Pathian thu kan hril vak vak hian kan nun a luhchilh tawk lo a, thu takin min
chiah hneh lo a ni ber. Takna leh nghehna nena Kristian nun kawng zawh tur kan
nih laiin thlir fim dawl turin dinna nghet (principle) kan nei lo fo. Nitin
nuna Kristianna lak luh leh kalphung (system and structure) tih-Kristianna lam
hi kan tuipui phak lo, nge nia kan duh lo zawk? Pathian thu kan sawi huai huai
a, harhna changin kan hlim-lam a, chutih rualin nuna hmuh tur nei khawpa
Pathian mi erawh kan tam lo hle. Rev. Thansiama (L) phei chuan, “kan pawnlanna
thukzia…” ti hialin a lo sawi thin.[21]
Rev.
Thansiama tawngkam hi na kan ti deuh maithei,
mahse inngaihtuah nasat chu kan ngai hle. Kristian ram inti, kristiana inchhal
si, mahse sum ngainatnain kan mit a tihdel zia te, kut tlingloa sum lakluh kan
hreh loh zia te leh eiruknain bu a khuar ngeh zia te en hian thil diklo/sual hi
kan haw takzet em? tih a ngaihtuah theih hle a ni.
‘I ram lo thleng rawh se’ kan ti a,
nitin kain kan sawi; thinlung leh nungchang chuan a sawi lem hlei lo. A bik
takin khawpuiah, kan nunhonaah hian mahni chauh kan inngaihtuah (individualist)
ta lutuk a, chu chuan midang ngaihpawimawhlohna a hring a, ram ai chuan mahni
kan inngaihtuah ta lutuk a, eiruk kan hreh lo ta thin
a ni. Chutiang nilovin, hmasawnna khairual, rorelna dik,
mitinin kan chan tur dik tak kan chan theihna turin kan ram hi kan din thar leh
a ngai a, kristianna leh kohhran inzirtirna hmangin he ze tha lo
hi kan paihbo a ngai a ni.
6.2.2 Zoram kohhran mipuite mamawh -
nunphung kristianna:
German theologian Jurgen Moltmann-a chuan, hun hnuhnung thu leh Kristian-te
beiseina la kawpin “…chu chuan hmalam ena hmalam pan zel leh chumi avanga tun
hun pawh tihdanglama siamthat zel…”[22]
thu a sawi a. Moltmann-a sawi ang hian nitin nuna tun hun zel hi hmang tha ila, a dik lo lai siam tha
zel bawk ila. Rilru fai se, ngaihtuahna thianghlim se, nitin khawsak phung
pawnlam hmuhtheihah pawh dik leh fel kan ngaipawimawh deuh deuhin a rinawm.
Kohhran
pawhin biakin piah lamah, nitin nuna Kristian nun dan tha phawk chhuak zawnga inzirtirna kan kalpui a hun tawh hle.
Eiruk chingte chu kohhranin thunun pawh ngam mai ila? Kan kristianna avanga kan
inngaidam zel a nih chuan kan ti dik dawn em ni? Thil diklo kan ngaihdam hian
sual kan ngampat tir a ni. Eirukna ngat phei chu hrereng chunga tisual kan ni
a, a tisualte chu anmahni siamthat nan leh mipui nawlpuiten an tawrh ve zel loh nan an chunga rorelna lekkawh hi
kohhranten kan tihtur a ni.
Isua
hi taksa leh thlarau chhhandamtu a ni a, chhandamna famkim min pe. Chu chu lei
leh van huapzo a ni a, ama nihna dik tak pawh a ni. Kan duh chin kan pawm ngawt
hian Isua nihna a tidanglam lo. Zofaten thlarau mi kan hrilhfiah dan te hi
ennawn a ngai. Thil pahnih (dichotomy), van-lei (heaven-earth),
thianghlim-khawvel (sacred-secular), taksa-thlarau (physical-spiritual) kan la
hrang lutuk leh kan kaldun tir hleithei lo hian thlarau khawvel leh hringnun
khawvel min thliarhran tir a, kan thlarau nun leh kan nitin nun a inzawm tha tawk lo. Mi thenkhat chu thlarau mi viau e tilovin
kan ngaih te hi a sam phian a, Pathian thu sawi mawlh mawlh chungin midang
venthawnna nei miahlohin, sual khawih em em pawha inngai duh chuangloin,
remchang kan hmuh chuan kan eiru hreh tlat lo zel a. Hetiang nundan te hi
Kristian nun dan tha a ni lo a, chuvangin kohhran pawhin
eiruk dona kawngah Kristian nun dan tha
a taka nunpui chungin, sawrkar tha tichak deuh deuh tura inzirtirna kan kalpui
a tul hle reng tawh a ni.
Mizoram
kohhran pawl hrang hrangte pawhin, he khawvela kohhran leh piantharna kan
buaipuina kawngah hian, sawrkar khalh ngil zawnga hmala ngam turin piangthar
ila. Kan kohhran pawl theuh tana tha tur leh tha lo tur kan buaipui vak vak hian ram
tan thil tha leh tha lo
a hring chhuak thei tho tih hriain kan rilru puthmang thlak danglam ngam ang u.
6.3 Hmathlir –
eirukna dona kawnga tlawmngai pawl mawhphurhna: Tlawmngai
pawl (civil society/NGOs) te hi sawrkarin a phuar ve lemloh an ni a, ram
inrelbawlna leh vantlang mipui nunphungah dinhmun pawimawh tak an luah a;
chuvangin eirukna dona kawngah pawh a tha chak ber tur an ni thei a ni. Kawng
dikah chuan sawrkar tha tichak turin an thlawpin an thawhpui thei a; chutih
rualin inrelbawlna diklo leh ram tana thil pawi tur a awm a nih chuan sawrkar
zilhhau emaw, thil diklo hailanga dan anga rorel a nih theih nana hmala thei tu
ber an ni.
6.3.1
Eiruk dona leh tlawmngai pawl: Hun
kal deuh tawh leh tunhnaia NGO thenkhatin eiruk dona
kawnga an hmalakna kan hre thin a.
Pawl thenkhat–
Society
for Social Action (SOSA), People’s Right to Information and Development
Implementing Society of Mizoram (pre-party PRISM) leh pawl dang dang te
hmalakna kan hre thin a, an lakah
beisei pawh a sang thin hle. Chutih
rualin court lama PIL leh police kuta FIR thehluh a tam huin eiruk avanga
hremna hmachhawn erawh an tam lo hle, chargesheet ngeite pawh an awm nual thin si a. Hei tak
hian eirukna dotu pawl thenkhatte
tha a tithum thin a ni. Separation
of Judiciary te pawh sawi sawi thin mah ila thui tak sawrkar kuta
innghat chin a awm avangin sawrkar a pawimawh hle mai si a. Chulai takah chuan
NGO te pawh na taka sawrkar nawr turin pressure group ang
deuha an chet a tul chang a awm thin;
hetiang hi eiruk do nan ngat phei chuan tih hrehloh a tul
ang.
Chutiang
chu nimahse NGO thenkhatte leh a
hruaitu thenkhatte,
ram leh hnam aia mahni pumpui puarna ngaihtuah avanga sawrkar tih dik tawkloh lo
thuppui mai te, sawrkar lo insangawizawnpui te, tute emaw tawngkam
takin ‘hnungthak inhiahsak tawnna’ te a awm a nih chuan a pawi hle dawn a, he
hnam hian a tuar dawn a ni. Tin, NGO thenkhat
chu a hruaitu bawr sawrkar hnathawk an nih avanga sawrkar hlau deuh roh leh
tlawn deuh titih te pawh a awm theih ang, hetiang chi hi a awm a nih chuan
sawrkar khalh ngil leh eirukna venpui chu a harsa hle dawn a ni. Democracy
ramah chuan civil society hi mipuite aiawh, mipuite aw a ni fo a; mipui
nawlpuite thattlanna
(welfare of all) an ngaihtuah ang a, chumi tichhe thei apiang chu mipuite
chakna nen an do tlat tur a ni.
6.4 Hmathlir - eirukna dona
kawnga mipui vantlang mawhphurhna: Ram hi mipuite ta leh
mipuite avanga awm a ni a, ram inrelbawlna sawrkar pawh mipuite tana thawk tura
mipuite siam a ni. Ram inrelbawla tha
chu mipuite tan malsawmna a ni a, inrelbawlna tha
lo erawh mipuite tan anchhia a ni hawt mai. Ram hmasawn apiangah mipuiten
sawrkar an inti neitu a, sawrkar lakah an thikthu a chhia a, sawrkar vilvenna
(vigilance) lam pawh an ngaipawimawh hle. Chuvangin ram inrelbawlna dik leh
diklohah pawh mipuiten mawh an phur thui hle. Mipuite, tlemte chunga rinawm a
pawimawh a, kan tihtheih tawkah eiruk dona tur hi a tam hle. Rinawm kan
inzirtir a ngai a, sawrkar atanga tanpuina
chi hrang hrang leh hamthatna
dawn dik taka tih puitlin te, leh vantlang hnatlang (ni 100 inhlawh) ah te a
hun chhung dik tak hna thawh te hi mipuiten eiruk kan do tanna
tur a ni. Tin, inthlan apianga mipuite vote lei leh hralh awm thin
te tibo turin rinawm taka vote thlak kan
inzirtir thar a ngai hle bawk.
6.4.1 Mipuiten mahni chhungraw
statistic dik tak sawrkarah report thin tur a ni:
Ram statistic dik leh felfai tak hi sawrkar, department-te leh census
buaipuitute mawh a ni ngawt lo; ram mipui zawng zawngten kan vaia mawhphurhna a
ni. A hun taka report tur report te, chhiarpui buaipuitute lo dawnsawn that te, dik taka mahni chhungkua record theuh
thehluh hi kan bat a ni. Mahni nihna baka in-report te, kan chhungkaw zat pawh
ration card-a kan ziak dik duh lo a nih si chuan, sawrkar statistic dik lo
avanga hmasawnna kallai thuanawp leh
eirukna
sawisel chiam chiam thei kan ni lo ang. Khua leh tui ten statistic dik kan neih
theih nan sawrkarin a tih tur dik taka a tih kan phut tlat ang a, sawrkar kan tanpui
bawk tur a ni ang.
6.4.2
Right to Information Act (RTI) hman tangkai: RTI dan kan neih mek hi uar lehzuala hman
tangkai a pawimawh hle. Sawrkar hmalakna chi hrang hrang hriat ve zel hi
mipuite dikna chanvo a ni a, a tam thei ang ber hi tarlana hailan zel tur a ni.
Engpawh nise, langtlang leh chhuichian dawla sawrkar siam tur chuan dan kan
zawm that tlan mai bakah a zawm tha lote chhui chhuah
a, kawng dik kawhhmuh a ngai a ni.[23] RTI
Act hi langtlang sawrkar siam nan leh sawrkar khalh ngil nan a pawimawh hle. He
dan hmang hian sawrkar hmalakna hrang hrang te a zirchian theih a ni. Mipui
sawrkarna leh zalenna ramah mipuite an chanvo leh dikna, sawrkara an thil hriat
duhte fiahfai taka hriattir an nih theihna tura duan a ni. Mizoramah pawh tangkai
taka hman chhoh ve mek zel a ni a, tangkai
lehzuala hman chhunzawm a nih theihna atan tan
lak zel a tul.[24]
Entirna
hetiang hian sawi ta ila; keimahni khua leh vengah sawrkar hmalakna lian tham
awm ta se, chu chu lo enpui a lo venpui theih a ni. A concern department atangin
hnathawh dan tur ruahmanna duanlawk chipchiar (detail plan & estimate) te
RTI dan hmangin lakchhuah theih a ni. Chu mai bakah sawrkar hmalakna engemaw
thil bikah rinhlelhawm a awm a nih chuan, chumi atana sum hman dan chipchiar te
pawh lakchhuah vek theih a ni. RTI Act hi mipuiten hmang tangkai
ila, eirukna dotu khua leh tui tha, mipui huaisen kan
nih theih nana hmanraw tangkai a ni.
6.4.3
Mipuite mawhphurhna - dan ngaihpawimawh leh mawhphurhna lak ngam a tul: A dik taka sawi chuan kan han changkan chho deuh deuh a, a
bik takin khawpui leh thingtlang khawlian deuhah, sumin min bual at dan leh sum
zawnna kawnga kan khawsak dan en hi chuan ram dan, sawrkar dan te hi kan pawisa
lo em mai a ni. A nawlpuia lakin kan sum zawn dan te, sum thianghlim lo kan
dawn hrehloh dan te han en hian a tu amah hian vantlang ngaihpawimawhna (civic
sense) te hi kan nei ta lo emaw tih tur a ni. Khawtlang thatna tur atana mahnia mawhphurhna inbel
(moral responsibility) hi kan hreh em em mai a, hei hi kan vaiin kan tuar a ni.
A dik tak chuan kristian ram kan ni a, tu pawh hi erukna laka fihlim tur kan
nih laiin kan rilru puthmang thianghlim tawk lo avang hian pawnlam hmuhtheihah
pawh kan fai tawk lo a; khawtlang, vantlang, kan khua theuh leh kan khawpui hmasawnna ngei
ngei pawh kan ngaipawimawh ta lo a. Kan vaiin kan tuar leh si a ni.
Ram mipui zawng zawngte hian ram dan
ngaipawimawh thar theuh thei ila a
duhawm hle. Chutiang chuan kan ram that leh chhiat thuah mahni theuha mawhphurhna
lain, Pathian tihna leh ram hmangaihna tak tak
nen dik takin hna thawk ila. Mihring zahawmna hi mimal hausaknaa innghat lovin
ram dinhmunah a innghat tih hrechiang ila. Kan thlahte thlah leh zofa lo la
awmzel turte hmakhua ngaihtuah chungin, hei lo chu ram dang kan neilo a ni tih
hi i ngaihtuah thar leh thin
ang
u.
7.0 Tlangkawmna
Eirukna
lak atanga fihlim turin ram rorelna dik a awm
a ngai hmasa ber. Rorelna dik lo hnuaiah chuan danin awmzia a nei lo a, mipuite
tana hnathawh reng rengin a nih dan tur a pha thei lo. Chu chu roreltute atanga mipuite chanvo a nih phak chauh
avangin mipuite tan sawrkar intihtatu theih a ni lo. Hengte hi siamtha a, mipuite hnena an dikna chanvo
‘rorelna dik’ pe thei ngei turin roreltute chuan tih tur tam tak an nei. Dan tha tak siamin chu chu thlei bik neiloa
lekkawh a ngai a, hmasawnna lam hnathawh reng reng tha taka thawh ni se. Eirukna leh
hlemhletna chi hrang hrang tih a harsat chuan zawi zawiin mipui rilru pawh a
insiam tha hret hret ang. Chu chuan khawtlanga
kan nun ho dan boruak pawh nasa takin a siamtha ang a, tichuan zawi zawiin rorelna
dik tundin theihna boruak hnuaiah mipuite an awm tawh ang. A bul berah chuan
sawrkar atanga
mipui lam hawi thil lo luang chhuak reng reng hi a dik hmasak phawt a tul a ni.[25]
Tin,
kan hnam nun han thlirkir ila; kan pi leh pu te kha Kristian chu an ni lo na a,
mahse an phaktawkah upate thu hla te, vantlang dan te kha an ngaipawmawh em em
mai a; eirukna lam chi phei chu sawi tur pawh a vang hle. Khawtlang
ngaihpawimawhna an nei lianin vantlang tana hnawksak nih kha an hlau em em a;
he nun hi a mawi hle. Kristian an nih hnu pawh khan he nundan mawi hi an chhawm
zel a, tunlai hunah pawh kan chhunzawm zel ngei ngei tur thil tha ni.
Sakhuana
lamah pawh mipui hi zirtir kan harsa lo. Kristian kan nihna te, Bible zirtirna
te hi kan rilru leh taksa fai nan, chhunglam leh pawnlam thianghlim nana hmangin,
kan Kristian nun hi practical hle se a tha
a ni mai. Pathian thianghlim betute kan ni a; sual bawlhhlawh kai lo turin kan
infuih a, chutianga sual kan lo kai palh a nih pawhin a tlenfaina nen lam kan
inhrilh a. Vanram kan suangtuah dan pawh thianghlimnaa khat, sual bawlhhlawh
awm lo a ni. He thianghlimna leh sual bawlhhlawh lak atanga inserhhranna theology hi khawvel thila thianghlimna,
vantlang nuna faina, bawlhhlawh leh tenawm lak atanga
fihlim ‘eirukna tello khawtlang nun’ din nan i hmang hlauh ang u.
[1] Democracy leh secular ramah chuan
kohhran hi institution lian leh pawimawh tak pakhat a ni.
[2] Vanlalruata, “Corruption leh
Mizoram” in Kristianna leh Tunlai
Khawvel, Vo.-II (Aizawl : Christian Media Society, 2012), 103.
[3]
Cf. Vanlalruata, Corruption leh Mizoram…107.
CPI-ah hian ram hrang hrangte chu 0–100 points
hmangin teh an ni a, point hmu sang apiangte chu corruption-a fihlim nia ngaih
an ni. He tehna hi African Development Bank, Bertelsmann Foundation,
Economist Intelligence Unit, Freedom House, Global Insight, International
Institute for Management Development, World Bank, World Economic Forum leh a
dangte pawhin tehna rintlaka an ngaih a ni a, kum 1995 a\anga hman \an a ni.
Scam \henkhatah chuan high level government
official-te, Cabinet Minister-te leh Chief Minister-te pawh an tel nawlh nawlh
bawk. E.g. 2010 Commonwealth Games scam, Adarsh Housing
Society scam, Coal Mining Scam, Cash for Vote scam, etc.
[7] Sum chheprelh, dan ang takin a
neitu ta a ni lo. Washington based ‘Global Financial Integrity’ chhutdanin
India hian kum 1948 a\anga kum 2010 inkarah khan black money avangin kumtin US
dollar 8 billion zel a hloh a ni.
[8] Vanlalruata, Corruption leh Mizoram…109.
[10] Vanglaini, dated 11/12/2017.
[11] Vanlalruata, Corruption leh Mizoram…109.
[12] Lalhmingchhuanga Zongte, Savun Kawrfual (Aizawl : Ophel, 2017),
12.
[13] Vanlalruata, Corruption leh Mizoram…112.
[14] Lalzahawma, “Mizoram Hmathlir…,”
in Khirh Nih Hlawh (Aizawl : Hoi
Philoi, 2018), 10.
[16] Law & Judicial Department,
Government of Mizoram, Notification No. H. 12017/130/2014-LJD.
[18] Mizoram
Gazetted, Vol-X, Issue No. 44, Dated 30/10/1981 angin Vigilance Department hi
Mizoramah din a ni. Access from https://vigilance.mizoram.gov.in (27/9/2018).
[19] Vanglaini, dated 30/5/2013.
[20] Kum 2012 August
thla daih tawh khan hemi chungchanga mi \hahemngaite presentation ka chhim ve
a. Khami \uma presentation-ah khan a zirchiangtuten sawrkar department hrang
hrangte record an lakkhawm min han hlui mai chuh, a manganthlak zawk a ni.
Department boundary inbawhthuah leh data inmilloh nasat dan chu mak tak a ni.
[23] Lalzahawma, Mizoram Hmathlir…, 10.
[24] RTI Week hawnna, Champhaia
Mizoram CIC Pu Lalduhthlana Ralte thusawi, Vanglaini,
dated 9/10/2018.
[25] Lallianchhunga, “Political
Injustice: kan phu tawh roreltu kan nei em?” in Zoramthar a awm thei ang em? (Bangalore : Bangalore Mizo
Association, 2011), 129.
{Vigilance Dept., GoM-in Vigilance Awareness Week 2018 (29 October - 3 November 2018) puala State Level Essay intihsiak a buatsaihah he Essay hi Consolation Prize la tu a ni. He essay hi open category-ah telin he category-ah hian essay 121 zet a lut a ni. DMZP Diamond Jubilee Souvenir 2019 ah min chhuahsak bawk.}
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