Thuhma
Mihringte tan hian kan nitin khawsakna
atana thil tul mamawh (resource), a tellova kan awm theih hauh loh thil tam tak
a awm a, chutianga a tellova kan khawsak hleihtheih loh khawpa thil pawimawh
tak pakhat chu kawlphetha (electrical energy) hi a ni. Amaherawhchu kawlphetha
hi nitin khawsak phungah kan hmanral a tul si avangin daihzai taka hman a lo ngai
ta a; inrenchem tak chunga a hmandan lam kan fimkhur theih chuan thawhchhuah
emaw, khawlkhawm emaw nen a dang chuang lo tih hi mitinin kan hriatreng a tul
hle a. Chutiang taka uluk, renchem leh daihzai thei anga bera kawlphetha hman
hi he kan khawvel leh mihring chhuan lo la awm zel tur te laka mitinin a bata kan
bat tlat a ni.
Kawlphetha chu enge ni?
Mizote’n kawlphetha (electric
energy) kan tih mai hi electric chakna thahrui tihna a ni mai a. Kawlphetha chu
chakna thahrui nei thilsiam awmsa (natural potential) hrang hrang heng- Ni
(solar), Tui (water), Tuialhthei (oil), Thli (wind), Lungalhthei (coal),
Nuclear leh a dangte atangin khawl (engine/dynamo) puihna nen a siamchhuah
theih a. Kawlphetha siamchhuah sa chu a pekchhuahna/kalkualna (circuit) kaltlangin mitin hmantheih tura pekchhuah a lo ni ta thin a ni.[1]
Kawlphetha chu
engvanginnge renchem a tul?
Kawlphetha chu siamchhuah a nih miau avangin
siamchhuah theih loh hun a awm thei a. Tin, a siamchhuahna tura khuarel chakna
thahrui awmsa te pawh hman theih loh palh emaw, hmanral hun emaw, mihring
khawsak phungin a tih danglam/khawbaw emaw pawh a awm thei a; chuvangin kan
neih sa te renchem taka hman hi mitin mawhphurhna a ni. Mi thenkhatin kan
renchem em em laia mi thenkhatin ren lo baksaka kan lo hmanral si chuan awmzia
a nei thui thei dawn lo a, kan zavaia kan \an tlan a ngai hle a ni. Chuvangin
kawlphetha hman dan awmze mumal tak nei (strategic use of electrical energy) hi
kan mamawh em em bakah mitinin kan hriat ngei ngei tur thil pawimawh tawp a ni.
Kawlphetha kan hman nasat lutukna hian
kawng hrang hrangin khawvel leilung (environment) a ti chereu nasa hle a ni.
Kan inrenchem a, kawlphetha kan hmang tlem thei anih chuan boruak chhia (carbon
dioxide) pe chhuaktu a tlem sawt ang a, chu chuan khawvel lum zual zel leh, sik
leh sa inthlak danglam nasa lutuk (global warming and climate change) hi thui
takin a tiziaawm thei dawn a ni.[2]
Kawlphetha inrenchem thu hi thil naran/satliah a ni lo va, khawvel leh a
chhunga cheng mihringte min nghawng thei thil a nih daih avangin inrenchem tura
kan mawhphurhna lo hlenchhuah ve a tul hle a ni.
Kawlphetha kan hman reng reng hian kan
hman apiang chu hman nawn emaw, siamchhuah leh emaw theih hauh loh turin kan
hmang ral zel a, a siamchhuah sa kan hmanral zel chuan engtikah emaw chuan kan
hman zawh hun a la thleng thei mai dawn a, chuvangin tun apangin kan neihsa te
hi renchem taka kan hman a ngai a ni.[3] Kan
zavaia kan tan tlan chuan tullova pawisa kan hmanral tur, electric bill-a kal
ral tur tam tak kan hum thei dawn a, thildanga tangkai taka hman tur pawisa kan
thawkchhuak tihna a ni zawk ang. Tin, kan inrenchem na na na chuan kan lo
indaih leh zual ang a, chu mai bakah environment humhim hna nasa taka thawk
reng ang kan ni mai dawn a ni. Kawlphetha inrenchem hi a rahchhuah tur a hlawk
em avangin nasa taka tan kan lak thar a ngai a ni.
Kawlphetha
siamchhuah leh hmanralna lama kan dinhmun
Khawvel thlirna: Khawvel changkanna leh hmasawn
zelna hi kawlphetha hmanral nen hian thil inkaihhnawih tlat a ni. Kum za bi
21-na kan lo chuankai takah phei hi chuan kawlphetha hmanral zat (rate) hi a
bik atakin ram thang mek (developing countries) te ah a sang chak hle a. Hei hi
a chhan chu mipui pung chak lutuk avang te, changkanna leh hmasawnna avang te,
khawpui thang zel avang te, thil siamna leh eibar zawnna kawng thang chho zel
vang te a ni. Kum 2007-a International Energy Agency (IEA)-in a chhut dan chuan
kum 2005 atanga 2030 inkarah chuan khawvela kawlphetha hmanral zawng zawng 70%
hi heng ram thang mek te hian an eiral dawn a ni.[4] Chuvangin,
ram thang mek- a bikin India ram te ang tan chuan ram mipui nawlpui huapa helam
kawnga kan tih tur hmabak a lang chiang nghal hle a ni.
Kum
2013-a khawvelin kawlphetha kan hmanral chu 19,504 TWh (terawatt hour) a ni a,
hetih lai hian kum 2014 kumtawpa khawvel puma kan tharchhuah theih zat (total
installed electricity generating capacity) chu 6.142 TW
(1 TW=million MW) a
ni. Hemi kuma heti zat kawlphetha siamchhuah nan hian khuarel thahrui (natural
potential) hetiang hian hman tangkai a ni: lungalhthei atangin 40.8%, natural
gas atangin 21.6%, nuclear atangin 10.6%, lui atangin 16.4%, thildang (solar,
wind, geothermal, biomass, etc.) atangin 6.3%
leh oil atangin 4.3%.[5]
Hei hian mihringte tana kan chenna khawvel (planet) hlutzia leh enkawl uluk a tulzia a tilang chiang hle.
Kum
2012-2014 chhung khan khawvel kawlphetha hmanral hi 5% ngawtin a sang chho a.
Nuclear leh fossil fuels atanga siamchhuah pawh 3% in a sang a, renewable
electricity phei chu 12% ngawtin a sang chho a ni.[6] Hei
hian chiang taka a lantir chu kawlphetha siamchhuah nan hian khawvel leilung,
thing leh mau, nungcha, boruak, lui, ni zung leh boruak/thli chetvel dan zawng
zawng hi a pawimawh em em a ni tih hi. Chuvangin mihring chhuan lo la awm zel
tur te ngaihtuahin hmasawnna awmze nei, tlo leh daihrei, environment tichhe mai
mai lo tur (sustainable development) a ngai ta a ni.
India: - India ram hian hma a sawn chak
hle a, independence kum 1947 khan kawlphetha pekchhuah mai theih (installed
capacity) 1,362 MW chauh kan neih laiin kum 2015 a lo nih chuan 2,71,722 MW zet
kan nei tawh a.[7]
Kum 2016 March ni 31-ah chuan installed capacity hi 344.00 GW (Gigawatt) a
tling chho ta a ni.[8]
Amaherawhchu a hmangraltu mihring kan pung chho ve zel a, World Population Prospect: The 2017 Revision atanga a landan chuan
India ramah hian mihring 1,32,41,71,354 zet kan awm a, khawvela mihring tam ber
ram pahnihna kan nih bakah khawvel mihring hmun ngaa thena hmun khat dawn kan
ni bawk.[9] Mipui
heti zatin kum 2016-2017 a kawlphetha kan hmanral chu 1,122 kWh[10]
lai a ni.[11]
Mihring pung chak lutuk avang hian kawlphetha tharchhuah leh hmanral a inbuktawk
hleithei lo chho ta zel a, he inbuktawklohna (imbalance) hi kumtin a nasa zual
zel bawk. Tin, mipui tam lutuk hian khawlphetha siamchhuaktu khuarel leilung,
tui, boruak, nungchate, thing leh mau te a chhe zawngin a nghawng zel bawk si a
ni.
Hetiang a
nih avang hian ram puma kawlphetha kan hman ral tam tham tak chu awmze nei taka
renchem a lo ngai ta a, chutiang tur chuan ram pumin dan mumal tak kan zawm theuh
tur neih a ngai ta bawk. Tichuan, awmze neia dan fel tak hnuaiah mitinin kan
kawlphetha tharchhuah renchem taka kan hman theih nan Energy Conservation Act
(EC Act) 2001 duan chhuah a lo ni ta a. He dan kengkawh tur leh dan anga hmalakna
hna te thawk turin Ministry of Power enkawlna hnuaiah Bureau of Energy
Efficiency (BEE) chu March ni 1, 2002-ah din a ni ta a; BEE chu Director
General kaihhruainna hnuaia inrelbawl tur a ni.[12]
Chutiang khawp chuan India sawrkar hian khawlphetha renchem hi a ngai pawimawh
a ni.
India
sawrkar hian ramchhung kawlphetha siam chhuah tawh sa te hi renchem tak leh
awmze neia kan hman chuan, siambelh lama insengso vak vak lovin kan neihsa hian
hun engemaw chen chu min daih thei a ni tih a chhut chhuak a. Chhut dan
pakhatah chuan India rama kawlphetha hman lai hi kan renchem chuan 25,000 MW lai
neih belh theih emaw, humhim (save) emaw theih tura ngaih a ni.[13] Tin,
India ram hi kawlphetha hmang tam ram 4-na kan ni a, kum 30 kal ta atang tawh
khan kan mamawh (demand) hi kum tin 3.6% chuangin a sang chho zel bawk. Kan
mamawh zawng zawng siam chhuak zel tur chuan sum a ngai hnem lutuk dawn a ni.
Amaherawhchu kawng awlsam tak mitinin kan tih theih a awm a; chu chu hei hi a
ni:-kawlphetha unit 1 humhim (save) na man ai chuan a siamchhuahna man hi a let
2-3 vel zelin a tam a, tihdam aiin inven a hlu zawk tih ang deuh kha a ni.[14] Chuvangin
kawlphetha renchem hi siam chhuah tluk a ni a, inrenchem chu mahni tan a that bakah a midangte tan a ni bawk.
December
ni 14 hi India ram chuan kum 1990 atang khan “National Energy Conservation Day”
atan kan lo hmang thin a. Chumi awmzia chu “Energy renchem tak si, daihzai taka
hman inzirtirna/infuih tharna ni” a ni. Heti lamah hian Mizote kan thanharh a
la ngai nasa hle a ni.
Mizoram: - Kum 1962 atang khan Mizoramin
kawlphetha kan chhi ve tan a, diesel khawl hmangin 75 KW Aizawlah kan nei ve a
ni. Tun dinhmunah Mizoramin khawlphetha 17.50 MW (monsoon-ah) kan siam chhuak
ve a, chutih laiin kan mamawh erawh chu (a tlangpuia lakin) 100 MW vel a ni.[15] Kan
ram chhungah 52.77 MW siam chhuah theih a nih laiin 10.00 MW vel (monsoon-nilo
ah) chauh siam chhuah a ni thung si a, kan mamawh phuhruk turin ram pawn
atangin 90 MW vel sum tam tak senga kan lei a ngai ta a ni.[16]
Kum
2015-2016 khan ram pawn atanga kawlphetha kan leina senso chu Rs. nuai
21,000.00 a ni a, mipuiten kawlphetha hman man kan pek tling khawm (revenue
collected) erawh chu Rs. nuai 16,662.45 a ni a,[17]
kan indaihlohna chu Rs. nuai 4,337.55 lai a ni tihna a nih chu. Heti zat
pawisa, mipuite chhiah pek tlingkhawm hi kawlphetha indaihlohna avangin a hman
ral a lo ngai ta a, kawngdanga hman ni se hmasawnna hna thawhna tham a ni a, a
uihawm hle a ni. Heng zawng zawng hi kawlphetha kan indaihlohna avanga thleng a
ni a, chuvangin mitinin kan tihtheih tawk inrenchem lamah hian tan kan lak
nasat a tul zual hle tih a lang a ni.
Mizorama
kawlphetha siam chhuak tura hmalakna kan neih mek te hi tihpuitlin an nih hunah
chuan 2000 MW lai a tling thei ang a, nimahsela hei hi ti puitling tur chuan
sum tam fe sen a ngai dawn a ni. Chubakah Mizoramin kawlphetha siam chhuah hautak
zia a takin kan tawng chho mek a ni. Kan mamawh phuhru tur hian Hydro Electric
Power Project engemawzat thawh leh hmachhawp mek a ni a.[18]
Heng te hi siam zawh a nih hun chuan Mizoramin hnianghnarin kawlphetha kan
hmang thei ang a, kawng hrang hrangin hmasawnna a awm lehzual ngei ang. Mahse
kawlphetha siam chhuah nan hian sum tam tak mai ni lovin tha leh zung, hun sen
ral a ngai nasa em em a ni. Chuvangin inrenchem tur hian naupang atanga kan inzirtir
a ngai a, mitinin tan kan lak a ngai a ni.
National
Productivity Council (NPC), Government of India chuan India ram pumpuia kawlphetha
kan renchem theih zat kum 2008 khan a zir chiang a. Chumia a lan dan chuan
Mizoram pumin kawlphetha kan hman chu 115.91 MU (million unit) a ni a, hemi atang
hian awmze nei taka kan hmang a nih chuan kum khatah 33.5 MU kan renchem thei a
ni. 33.5 MU atang hian in leh a chhehvel (domestic sector) a kan hmanralna
atangin 23.18 MU zet chu renchem theih tura chhut a ni.[19]
Hei hian Mizoram mipuiten kawlphetha kan hman danah kan fimkhur lo hle tih a tilang
chiang hle a, nasa taka kan insiamthat thuai a ngai a ni.
Mizoram Statistical Handbook atanga a landanin Mizorama khua 704
zinga 675 te chu kawlphetha pek an ni tawh a,[20]
he khaw 675-a mi te hi kawlphetha hmanralna kawnga mawhphurtu te chu kan ni.
Chu mai a la ni lova, kum 2015-2016 chhung khan kawlphetha pek kualna leh sem
darhna lama kan state-in kan hloh zat (transmission and distribution losses) chu
31% lai a tling a, kum hmasa aia a sanna chu 1.19% a ni a,[21]
department lam pawhin hmasawnna tur a la nei tih a chiang hle. Kawlphetha
renchem / hman daihzai chungchangah hian kan vaiin mawh kan phur vek a ni. Intodelh
thei turin a siam chhuah lam theihtawpa kan buaipui a tul em em a, chutih
rualin tuna kan dinhmunah kan neihsa hi i hmang thiam ang u.
Kawlphetha
renchem : mitin mawhphurhna : mitin hlenchhuah theih
Kawlphetha
hmangtu zawng zawng te hian a renchemna kawngah hian mawh kan phur vek a ni.
Kawlphetha renchem hi thil harsa tak emaw, hmun hrana va kala va tih tur emaw a
ni hauh lo. Kan awmna hmun theuhah thil
awlsam te te leh hmangchang mawl te te hi hi hre nawn thar leh ila, a taka
tihhlawhtlin tum theuh bawk ila, nasa takin hma kan sawn ngei ang. A pawimawh
ber chu inrenchemna ngaihpawimawh hi a ni mai. Inrenchem chuan electric bill
sang tur a veng a, awlsam tea pawisa hlawh kan nih mai dawn bakah khawvel
environment humhalh kawnga tha kan lo thawh ve tihna a ni ang. Mitinin chutiang taka fimkhur leh renchema
kawlphetha hi awmze nei taka kan hmang a nih ngat chuan rah duhawm tak a chhuah
dawn tih hi a lang chiang sa reng a ni.
Kawlphetha siamchhuah zawng zawng (total
energy generated) 20% – 30% vel zet hi in leh a vel (domestic sector) atana
hmanral nia chhut a ni a.[22]
Mizoramah phei chuan kawlphetha kan hman zawng zawng 69% lai hi in leh a vela
kan hmanral a ni.[23]
Engtinnge kan tih ang? In leh a chhehvela kawlphetha kan inrenchem theih dan
tur, mitinin mawhphurnaa laa kan tih theih tur (energy saving strategies
in domestic sector) kawng
harsa lo te te tam tak a awm a, hetianga
inrenchemna kan lo tih ve keuh keuh avang hian kum tinin kawlphetha 0.21 MU a
renchem theih dawn a ni.[24]
In leh a
vela kawlphetha inrenchem dan tur tawi te tein sawifiah ta
ila:-
In
chhung electric éng (lightning system) hman dan tur:-
(1) In
chhung electric wiring hi dan dik tak leh fel fai tak a ni tur a ni a, kalsual
(leak) palh a awm em tih te enfiah fo tur a ni.
(2) Kawlphetha
heh lo chi electric blub (energy efficient bulb) siamchhuah zel a ni a, heng
Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) leh Light Emitting Diode (LED) an tih te hi
hman nachang hriat a tha. Heng CFL/LED bulb te hian a en dan inang reng chung
siin electric bulb pangngai aiin 70% - 80% zetin kawlphetha a heh lo zawk a,
electric bill a ti tlem thei hle a ni.
(3) Kan
awmlohna pindan emaw, hman tangkai loh bulb leh plug te switch off zel tur a ni
a. Pawn/bathlara bulb eng chhit te hi khawvar veleh tihhlum (off) thin tur a ni.
(4) Chhit
en atan leh tui lum nan ni zung chakna (solar) hman uar a tha hle a. Tin, ran
vulh mi tan chuan eirawngbawl nan kan ranvulh ek (biomass) hman uar theih nise
a tha hle bawk.
(5) Lehkha
zirna leh lehkha chhiar nan pindan light ring lovin kan duhna hmun chiah chhun
eng turin table light (task lightning) hman tangkai tur a ni.
(6) Hnathawhna
hmun chhuat, bang leh ceiling-ah rawng (colour) éng lam chi hman tam tur a ni a. Rawng éng lam hian éng a pe let (reflect) thei a, chu
chuan hnathawhna hmuna kawlphetha éng mamawh a ti tlem thei a ni.
(7) Electric
éng hun sawn chi reng reng pindan
bang kilah dah tur a ni. Tichuan bang
kil (angle) pahnih atang chuan eng a rawn pe let (reflect) ang a, inchhung
kawlphetha mamawhna a tihniam thei bawk a ni.
(8) Chhun
lamah chuan a tam thei ang ber kawlphetha hmang kher lova khaw eng hman tangkai
thiam tum tur a ni.
(9)
Electric bungrua, bulb leh tube te tihfai fo tur a ni. A balh chuan 30% laiin a
enna a tlahniam thei a ni.
(10) In
(home) electric wiring tihfel dawnin mahni mamawh mil / load lak tur ngun taka
chhutin a mil tur electric wire size dik tak leh tha chauh hman tur. Electric
wire chu a tawi thei ang ber zelin hman tur a ni bawk a. Tin, a quality tha
chauh hman tur a ni a, wiring pawh dan ang thlapa license nei te chauh khawih
tir tur a ni.
Thil dahthatna (refrigerator) hman dan tur:-
Refrigerator hi tunlaiah chuan chhungkawtin
hman leh mamawh a ni tawh a. A enkawl dan dik leh hman dan dik chuan nasa takin
kawlphetha mamawh a tihniam thei a, chuvangin uluk taka enkawl a tul em em a
ni.
(1) Refrigerator leh freezer hi
temperature hniam taka dah hian kawlphetha humhim (save) na a ni hran lo. Mamawhna
aia hniama degree 2/3-a temperature kan dah hian kawlphetha hmanral 20% - 30%
in a tisang daih thei a ni. A chhunga adjust-na (thermostat) hi mamawh tawk
chauha herh hniama herh san tur a ni.
(2) Refrigerator chu nisa-in bang a
rawn chhunna bulah emaw, direct taka nisa-in a chhun theihah emaw dah loh tur. Lum
leh sain a ur/tihsat phakah dahloh tur tihna a ni.
(3) Ei tur lam chi dah hmain
refrigerator chu pindan (room) temperature milin dah hmasak phawt tur a ni.
(4) Thil tui lam chi dahin nghet taka
chhin zel tur a ni. Chuti a nih loh chuan tuihu a insiam a, refrigerator
compressor tan load sang zawk a siam thei a, khawl tan a tha lo a ni.
(5) Fridge kawngkhar hi a reilo thei
ang ber hawn tur a ni. Thil dahluh leh lakchhuah hmain enge kan mamawh tih
ngaihtuah fel hmasak vek tur a ni. A kawngkhar hawng reng chunga rei tak thil
lakchhuah leh dahluh hian boruak chhia (greenhouse gas) a pechhuak thei a ni. A
kawngkhar washer/rubber te pawh hi a faiin a phui tha em tih enfiah fo tur a
ni.
(6) Fridge condenser coil hi regular
takin tihfai fo tur, hei hian a chhunga boruak inpe kual a tanpui thei a ni.
Chuti a nih loh chuan a
motor-in boruak load sang zawk a la ang a, kawlphetha mamawh a tisang thei a
ni.
Insukna
khawl (washing machine) hman dan tur:-
Kum zabi 21-na kan lo chuangkai ta a,
mihring mamawh pawh a changkan ve zel a, insukna khawl (washing machine) pawh
chhungkaw tam tak tan chuan a tellova kan awm theihloh khawpa tangkai a ni chho
ve ta der mai. Insukna khawl hian inchhunga kawlphetha kan hmanral zawng zawng
atanga 20% lai a eiral thei a, chuvangin a hman dan uluk a tul hle.
(1) Vawikhat insuk nan hian tui tam tak
a ngai a, chuvangin insuk hunbi neih a tha hle. Khawl hman a nih pawhin
vawikhata tlem te te insu lovin khawlin a zawh tawk zel thawmhnaw suk thin tur
a ni. Chu chuan khawl, kawlphetha leh tui a renchem thei dawn a ni.
(2) Insukna hlo (detergent) tam tak
hman loh tur. A suk fai nan leh a tih ro nan tui leh kawlphetha a heh bik a ni.
(3) Thawmhnaw suk reng reng kuta suk
hmasak emaw, insukna hlo tleuhfai hmasak zet emaw a tha. Insuk a fai that duh
bik bakah tui leh kawlphetha mamawh a tihniam dawn a ni.
Tuilumna khawl (geyser/water
heater) hman dan
tur:-
Tuilumna khawl hi a thlasik laiin
mamawhna a sang hle a, mahse a hman dan a dikloh chuan kawlphetha a heh hle;
chu chuan electric bill a tisang thei hle bawk. Electric bill a tihsan loh nan a hman dan dik hriat a
pawimawh hle a ni.
(1) Tuilumna khawl hi chi hrang hrang a
awm. A tlangpuiin herh sana herh hniam theihna (thermostat) a awm thin a, chu
chu degree 60-a dah sa (default) a ni thin. Chumi awmzia chu kan tuilum kha
Celsius degree 60-a sa a nih hma chuan a in off dawn lo tihna a ni. Energy
Saving Group thenkhatin an zirchiannaah chuan ‘inbual nan Celsius degree 60 hi
a sa lutuk a, tuivawt nen pawlh leh tho a ngai a, chuvangin Celsius degree 60
thlenga tui tih lum chu thil tul lo tak a ni’ tiin. Tin, a thu hrimin bathroom-a
mihring hman atan chuan Celsius degree 40 - 45 hi a tawk hlea ngaih a ni.
Chutiang a nih avang chuan tuilumna khawl adjust-na (thermostat) hi Celsius
degree 40 – 45 ah dah ngei ngei tur a ni.
(2) Mi thenkhat chuan tuilumna khawl hi
ON sain an dah mai thin a, hei hi tullova kawlphetha hmanralna mai mai a ni a,
tih hauh loh tur a ni. Chutianga kan kalsan anih chuan tui lo inlum kha a sat
hunah amahin lo in OFF mah se, tui a han daih deuh khan a lo in ON leh thin ang
a, OFF hma chuan chutiang chuan a lo awm kual reng mai dawn a ni. Hetianga dah
ai chuan mahni mamawh hunah tak mahni duhtawk chiaha tui lum mai tur a ni,
tichuan kawlphetha engemawzah kan hum thei ang.
(3) Kan mamawh tawk chiah tuilumna
khawl leia hman tur a ni. Lian lutuk a ngai chuang lo, tui tih lum nan
kawlphetha a hmang ral tam mai mai a ni.
(4) A theih hram chuan mahni inchung zawl
leh compound velah ni zung chakna hmanga tuilumna (solar water heating system)
hman theih a tha. A tirah pawisa ngai deuh mah se a hnulam zelah senso ngai a
awm tawh lo, enkawl that phei chuan a tloin a daih rei hle a ni.
(5) BEE star chuang ngei bungrua hman a tha, five star-te hman theih phei chuan tui tihsat nan kawlphetha a heh loh
bakah tulloah lumna/sa (heat) a kal ral tlem bik a ni.
Boruak vawn daihna (air conditioner)
hman dan tur:-
Boruak vawn daihna khawl (air
conditioner) hian ram lumah chuan inchhunga kawlphetha kan hmanral zawng zawng
25%-20% lai a eiral a, chuvangin hman dan fimkhur a ngai hle.
(1) Nipuiah boruak tidai turin ceiling
fan emaw, table fan emaw hman theih hram a tha. Loh theih lohah chauh lo chuan
AC hi hman loh hram tur. AC in darkar khatah Rs. 7-10 a eiral theia chhut a ni
a, chutih laiin ceiling fan chuan Rs. 1-2 chauh a eirala chhut a ni. A inthlau
hle.
(2) AC hi kan lo hmang a nih pawhin
Celsius degree 220-250 velah dah tur a ni, tichuan kawlphetha a humhim tam thei deuh ang.
Hetianga kan tih theih chuan degree khat zelah 3%-5% vel kawlphetha kan hum
thei dawn a ni.
(3) A tlangpuiin AC hian darkar chanve
velah inchhung temperature a vawng dai thei a, chuvangin AC chu amaha a lo
in-adjust theih nan sleep mode-a dah emaw, timer set emaw, engemaw chhung tal
OFF hram hram tur a ni.
(4) AC-ah boruak tha taka a
kaltlang/lutchhuak theih nan a lo thlifimtu (filter) hi thlatin tihfai thin tur
a ni. Chu chuan rang leh tha taka boruak vawngdai turin khawl a pui thei ang a,
kawlphetha a hum teuh thei dawn a ni.
(5) Mizoramah chuan nipui laiin in
(building) thlang lam leh chhim lam hian nisa an dawng nasa bik a, chuvangin AC
vuah/bun (install) dawn chuan in (building) hmar lam leh chhak lamah dah tur a
ni.
(6) AC hman/ON laiin inchhung/pindan
tukverh leh kawngkhar te phui taka khar tur a ni a, ni sa leh ni zungin a
chhuntlang tukverh emaw, kawngkhar emaw a awm chuan puanzar (purdah) zar phui
tur a ni.
Thil chhumna (oven) hman
dan tur:
(1) Oven pangngai (OTG) aiin microwave
oven hian thil a ti hmin hma zawk a, hun a duh rei loh bakah kawlphetha a
mamawh tlem zawk avangin hman theih hram tum tur a ni.
(2) Oven-a thil siam dawn reng rengin a
lian apiang a pawnlangah dah thin tur a ni, chu chuan sa (heat) dawng hmasa se
la, a te deuh te nen a lo hmin rual thei ang.
(3) Oven hmanlaiin a kawngkhar phui tha
takin khar/chhin tur a ni.
Electric
bungrua/hmanrua (rice cooker, induction stove, TV, computer, laptop, tablet,
electric iron, etc) hman dan tur:-
(1)
Heng hmanrua te hi hman tangkai loh lai
chuan OFF hmak tur a ni a.
(2) Rice cooker leh induction stove
hian kawlphetha a mamawh hnem em em a, a tlem thei ang ber hman tur. Thil chum
nana hman pawhin a so chhuah veleh OFF vat tur a ni, a daih hmain rei tak a la
sa tho dawn a, chu chu tui so tawh chhuan nan phei chuan a tawk em em a.
Eirawngbawlna gas kan ren avanga electric thuk kan lo hmang nasa deuh a nih
pawhin kan thil chuan a so veleh gas lamah suan thin tur a ni.
(3) Computer, laptop, tablet te pawh
kan kalsawn san zawk dawn chuan sleep mode-ah dah hram tur a ni. Baterry kan
charge-in a full veleh charger phawi a, plug pawh switch OFF hmak tur a ni.
Charger phawi si plug OFF silovin kalsan loh tur.
Electric
bungrua/hmanrua BEE standard labeling chauh hman tur:-
(1) BEE star label chuang ngei chauh
electric bungrua leh hmanrua lei tur a ni a, star tam apiangin kawlphetha a
hmang tlem tih hriat tur a ni.
(2) BEE star tam deuh chu a khawl a lo thain a lo changkang deuh nge nge a, mahse kawlphetha a hman tlemna hian
reiloteah a man tona chu a khuh leh thuai dawn a ni. Chubakah mihring khawsak
phung leh environment tan a boruak chhia a pe chhuak tlem bawk. Chuvangin
electric bungrua kan lei dawn pawhin star rating tam deuh thlan hram tur a ni.
Kawlphetha renchem :
mitin mawhphurhna : hmabak tih tur rawtna
Ram pum huapa awmze neia kawlphetha
renchem tur hian ram mipui zawng zawng kan tanrual a ngai a ni. Chutiang zaikhata luang chunga kawlphetha
renchem tur chuan mipui huap inrenchemna policy kan neih a ngai a ni. Inrenchem
a tulna tobul leh a chhan te, inrenchem dan tur leh inrenchemin rah tha a
chhuah dan te kan hriat tlan a, chu hriatna (knowledge) chu a taka chan tir
turin arpui mei ang thapa kan chet
(action) a ngai a ni.
Mipui thleng phak inhrilhhriatna
(grassroot seminar & social/public awareness campaign):-
Kawlphetha
inrenchemna hna hi mahni mawhphurhna zawn theuha thawk tur chu mipuite kan ni
a, chuvangin kan sawi tak ang khian inrenchem a tulna chhan, inrenchem dan tur
leh inrenchemin rah tha a chhuah dan te fiahfai taka kan hriat hmasak vek a
pawimawh, chuvangin mipui (grassroot level) ah kan inhrilh hriat hle a ngai a
ni.
Village/Local Council ten an huam
chhungah vantlang inkhawm (gram sabha) koin thawktu (expert) ten mipui
hrilhhriatna (public awareness) neih nise awmzia a neih hle a rinawm a. Tin,
hun rei zawk thlirin naupang/zirlai thang chho mek ten nunphunga an neih theih
nan zirna sikulah inhrilhhriatna (awareness), zirlaite kum leh an zirna mil
tawk ang zela buatsaih ni bawk se la. Naupang thil hriat leh zirtir hian awmzia
a neih em avangin hetianga tih theih a nih chuan awmze daihrei zawk a neih
theih ngei a beiseiawm hle a ni.
Hetiang ang chi inhrilhhriatna hun
hi vawi khat chauh nilovin awmze nei leh hunbi fel (strategy) tak neia kalpui
ni se. Chutiang tur chuan school energy club te pawh hman tangkai lehzual dan
ngaihtuah a tha hle. Mihring chuan kan hmuh tam leh kan hriat tam apiang hi kan
nunah kan seng lut mai thin a, chuvangin kawlphetha inrenchemna lam
thuziak/thuchei (poster, banner, calendar, etc.) mawi tak tak khawlai leh
inchhunga tar tur a tam thei ang ber siam a, chungte chu mipui te hnenah a
thlawna sem chhuah ni se awmzia a nei thei hle ang tih a rinawm.
Electric
buangrua/hmanrua tha chi a tlawma lei theihna (subsidy):-
Kawlphetha heh lo chi
bungrua/hmanrua te hi a tlangpuiin a man a to thin a, mi rethei te te, nitin
eichawp zawng thin tan chuan hman ve ngei pawh duhin a tha ti viau mah ila, lei
theihloh kha thil awm thei a ni. Chuvangin mipui zawng zawng a duh apiangin
electric bungrua kawlphetha heh lo chi, tha zawk bawk si hi kan lo hman vek
theih nan a man tlawma lei theihna (subsidy) hi siam nise a tha dawn hle a ni.
Hei hian inrenchemna kawngah pawh kawngro a su hlein a rinawm.
Electric
buangrua/hmanrua thlakthleng theihna (replacement):-
Mimal, chhungkua, dawr, office-a electric
bungraw hlui te a thara thleng theihna emaw, kan lo hman tawh sa kawlphetha heh
chi chu a heh lo chia thlakthleng theihna awm se a va tha dawn em. Hetianga kan
tih theih ngat chuan reiloteah kawlphetha hman thiamna/tlemna (electric
efficiency state) kan ni thei mai ang.
Renewable energy (ni
zung, thli, tui chakna) hman tangkai:-
Renewable energy kan
tih ho te hmang tangkai tur hian a tirah khawl bun (install) na man sang deuh
mahse a hnu zelah enkawlna (maintenence) atan sum a ngai tam lova, chuvangin a hman tangkai theih lehzual a tha hle.
Solar rooftop
system:-
Kawlphetha mamawh
tamna hmunah chuan inchunga nizung tha chakna siam chhuah leh hman tangkai
theih ni se a tha hle mai a. In (building) pakhat chawmzo tura nizung tha
chakna siam chhuah hi thil harsa lutuk a ni lo. Solar panel hian boruak chhia a
pe chhuak lo a, thawm bengchheng leh khawl ri ring a awm ve lo. Tin, zan lama
eng pe chhuak thei turin a chakna (energy) kha battery hmangin a khawlkhawm
theih tho a, environment tan a tha hle bawk si a ni.
Chutiangin tuilum mamawh tamna hmun
mimal in leh damdawi inah te chuan ni zung hmanga tui lumna (solar water
heater) bun/hman (install) a, hman tangkai theih ni se kawlphetha hmanna tur
tam tak kan sut kiang theih bakah tam tham tak chu kan hum zel a lo ni ang.
Tlangkawmna
Sawrkar
leh ram mipuiten kawlphetha renchem hi siam chhuah tluk a ni tih kan hriat fiah
a, inrenchemna kawng hrang hrang kan han sawi te pawh kan zawm vek theih a a
duhawm hle. Keimahni’n kan hriat mai bakah kan chhung te, kan thian te, midang
te pawh inrenchem a tulzia leh pawimawhzia hrilh fo tu ah i tang ang u.
Kawlphetha kan renchem hian keimahni tana khawlkhawm kan nih bakah midang te
leh sawrkar pawh kan tanpui tihna a lo ni ang. Chu ngawt chu a tawpna a la ni
lo a; kan khawvel leilung, boruak, tui, thing leh mau chereu/chhe zel tur kan
venghim tihna a lo ni bawk ang. Kan zavaiin kan tihtur leh inrenchemna lama kan
tih theih te thahnemngai takin ti ila. Kawlphetha kan neihsa te vawiina renchem
taka kan hman hian kan tu leh fa, he khawvela chhuan lo la awm zel tur te tan
ro hlu tak kan hnutchhiah a ni tih i hre thar leh ila, a tak taka inrenchem hna
thawk turin inbuatsaih sauh sauh ang u.
State Designated Agency for Energy Conservation, Hand Book of Energy Club 2018 (Aizawl :
Electrical Inspectorate, P & E Dept. Govt. of Mizoram, 2018), 7.
[4] International Energy Report, 2007, P.
77.
http://www.electricalindia.in/blog/post/id/5937/energy-conservation,
(access
on 11/6/18).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_India,
(access
on 11/6/18).
[9] "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via
website). United
Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_India, (access
on 7/6/18).
[10] Kilowatt hour tihna
a ni, darkar khatah kilowatt khiti zat khi kan hmangral tihna a ni. kWh chu
kawlphetha tehna (unit of energy) a ni a, 3.6 megajoules nen a intluk tawk.
[11] "Growth of Electricity Sector in
India from 1947-2017" (PDF). CEA. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_India, (access
on 7/6/18).
"The
Energy Conservation Act, 2001 No 52 OF 2001, Chapter III"
(PDF). www.beeindia.in.
[16] Hand Book of Energy Club 2018…, 7-8.
[17] Statistical Handbook Mizoram 2016
(Aizawl : Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Govt. of Mizoram, 2016),
45.
[24] https://dipr.mizoram.gov.in/press-release/national-energy-conservation-day-2011-aizawl-ah-, (access
on 7/6/18).
{Electrical Inspectorate, P & E Dept., GoM, State Designated Agency for Energy Conservation-in June 2018-a Electric Energy renchem chungchanga State Level Essay intihsiak a buatsaihah he Essay hi lawmman 1-na la tu a ni. He essay hi open category-ah telin he category-ah hian essay 109 zet a lut a ni. Kawlphetha Magazine 2018-ah min chhuahsak bawk.}
Comments